心率变异性评估神经病理性疼痛自主神经功能的研究进展

Research Progress on the Evaluation of Autonomic Nervous Function in Neuropathic Pain by Heart Rate Variability Assessment

摘要:

心率变异性（heart rate variability, HRV）作为反映自主神经（autonomic nervous, AN）功能的一个重要指标，近年来在神经病理性疼痛（neuropathic pain, NP）中的研究受到广泛关注。HRV变化与AN系统失调密切相关，在NP病人中表现为交感神经和副交感神经功能失衡。本文综述了HRV在评估NP病人中AN功能的应用进展，探讨了HRV作为评估工具在疼痛机制研究中的潜力，尤其是在监测NP相关的AN紊乱方面的作用。通过分析HRV与NP的相关研究，总结了HRV参数（如LF、HF、LF/HF比值等）在NP病人中的变化，并讨论了其在预后评估和风险预测中的价值以及可能的治疗应用。最后，本文展望了HRV在个性化治疗、精准医疗及NP康复中的前景，强调了HRV作为AN功能评估工具的潜力，为未来基于HRV的NP临床干预提供了理论依据和实践指导。

Abstract:

Heart rate variability (HRV), as an important indicator reflecting the function of the autonomic nervous system (AN), has received extensive attention in the research of neuropathic pain (NP) in recent years. HRV changes are closely related to the imbalance of the AN system, and in NP patients, it is manifested as the imbalance of sympathetic and parasympathetic nerve functions. This article reviews the application progress of HRV in evaluating the AN function of NP patients, and explores the potential of HRV as an assessment tool in the study of pain mechanisms, especially its role in monitoring AN disorders related to NP. Through analyzing the relevant studies on HRV and NP, this article summarizes the changes of HRV parameters (such as LF, HF, LF/HF ratio, etc.) in NP patients, and discusses their value in prognosis assessment and risk prediction as well as possible therapeutic applications. Finally, this article looks forward to the prospects of HRV in personalized treatment, precision medicine, and NP rehabilitation, emphasizing the potential of HRV as an assessment tool for AN function, providing theoretical basis and practical guidance for future clinical intervention based on HRV in NP.