骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折微创介入治疗的研究进展*

The progress in minimally invasive interventional treatment of Osteoporotic Vertebral Compression Fracture

摘要:

骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折(Osteoporotic Vertebral Compression Fracture,OVCF)临床上较为常见,患者多为绝经后女性,且主要累及胸腰椎。主要表现为腰背痛、畸形及活动受限,随着病情进展,可导致呼吸障碍、食欲减退、椎管狭窄等并发症,大大降低患者生活质量。以往针对OVCF的微创介入治疗方案包括经皮椎体成形术(percutaneous vertebroplasty ,PVP)和经皮后凸成形术(percutaneous kyphoplasty,PKP),这两种方式在临床是应用最广泛。近年来,经皮椎弓根螺钉内固定术以及脊神经后支射频消融联合神经阻滞(radiofrequency ablation combined with nerve block,RFNB)运用于OVCF的治疗,也取得了不错的治疗效果。本文就这四种微创介入治疗的临床应用及研究进展加以综述,从而为临床工作提供参考。

Abstract:

Osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture (OVCF) is clinically common, mostly in postmenopausal women, and mainly involves the thoracolumbar spine. The main manifestations are low back pain, deformity and limited mobility, which can lead to complications such as breathing disorders, loss of appetite, and spinal stenosis as the disease progresses, greatly reducing the quality of life of patients. Previous minimally invasive interventional treatment options for OVCF include percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) and percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP), which are the two most widely used in clinical practice. In recent years, percutaneous pedicle screw fixation and radiofrequency ablation combined with nerve block (RFNB) have been applied to the treatment of OVCF, and good therapeutic results have also been achieved. This article reviews the clinical application and research progress of these four minimally invasive interventional therapies, so as to provide reference for clinical work.