PIEZO机械敏感性离子通道在膝骨关节炎中的镇痛作用机制

The analgesic role and mechanism of Piezo mechanosensitive ion channels in knee osteoarthritis

摘要:

膝骨关节炎（Knee Osteoarthritis, KOA）是常见的退行性关节疾病，可导致关节疼痛、肿胀、僵硬、活动受限甚至残疾，膝关节疼痛是膝骨关节炎KOA患者求诊的主要原因。机械力学信号在KOA中的作用已经越来越引起人们的关注，其中新型机械蛋白Piezo1和Piezo2是最近发现的与机械力学信号密切相关的机械敏感性离子通道，并且Piezo与KOA疼痛的相关机制研究成为现在国内外学者的研究热点[1]。Piezo对KOA疼痛的影响主要包括力学因素、炎症因素和神经病理因素三方面，但其具体诱发机制国内外均缺乏系统全面的总结和论述。因此，本文从Piezo机械敏感性离子通路的角度结合力学因素、炎症因素和神经病理因素三方面系统论述其在KOA疼痛中的作用机制，为KOA潜在分子靶向镇痛药物的研发和KOA临床治疗提供理论依据。

Abstract:

Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is the most common degenerative joint disease that can lead to joint pain, swelling, stiffness, limited mobility, and even disability. Knee pain is the main reason that patients with KOA seek medical attention. The role of mechanical signals in KOA has attracted extensive attention widely. Among them, the new-type mechanical proteins Piezo1 and Piezo2 are closely related to the mechanical signals. They are newly discovered mechanosensitive ion channels. In academic circles, the relationship between Piezo and KOA pain has become a hot research topic [1]. The effects of Piezo on KOA pain mainly include mechanical factors, inflammatory factors and neuropathological factors. However, the specific inducing mechanism is lack of systematic discussion in academic circles. Therefore, the article systematically discusses the mechanism of action of Piezo in KOA pain from the perspective of Piezo mechanosensitive ion pathway, combining mechanical factors, inflammatory factors and neuropathological factors. It provides a theoretical basis for the development of potential molecule-targeted analgesic drugs for KOA and the clinical treatment of KOA.