瞬时受体电位离子通道TRPA1和TRPV4在骨关节炎中的研究进展

The research progress of transient receptor potential ion channels TRPA1 and TRPV4 in osteoarthritis

摘要:

骨关节炎(osteoarthritis, OA)是一种常见的退行性关节疾病,其发病原因和病理机制尚不明确。目前,在临床上仍然缺乏有效的治疗方法,因此当务之急是寻找潜在的治疗靶点。瞬时受体电位锚蛋白1(transient receptor potential ankyrin-1, TRPA1)和瞬时受体电位香草素受体4(transient receptor potential vanilloid-4, TRPV4)属于瞬时受体电位阳离子通道(transient receptor potential cation channel, TRP)家族的成员,在初级感觉神经元以及各种细胞中广泛表达,参与热、机械和化学物质等刺激的信号转导。越来越多的研究表明,TRPA1和TRPV4在OA的软骨退化、炎症反应、疼痛中起着重要作用。本文综述了TRPA1和TRPV4通道的生理功能,并概述了它们在OA发展和疼痛中最新的研究进展。同时,我们总结了TRPA1和TRPV4通道药物在治疗OA中的作用以及讨论了未来的研究方向,为OA的治疗提供新思路。

Abstract:

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common degenerative joint disease, but its etiology and pathological mechanism are still unclear. At present, there is still a lack of effective treatment methods in clinical practice, so it is urgent to find potential therapeutic targets. Transient receptor potential angrin-1 (TRPA1) and transient receptor potential vanilloid-4 (TRPV4) are members of the transient receptor potential cation channel (TRP) family, are widely expressed in primary sensory neurons and various cells, and participate in the signal transduction of thermal, mechanical and chemical stimuli. More and more studies have shown that TRPA1 and TRPV4 play an important role in cartilage degeneration, inflammatory response, and pain in OA. This article reviews the physiological functions of TRPA1 and TRPV4 channels and summarizes their latest research progress of their roles in OA development and pain. In addition, we summarized the role of TRPA1 and TRPV4 channel drugs in the treatment of OA and discussed future research directions, providing new ideas for the treatment of OA.