四种镇痛药物对兔脊髓的神经毒性实验研究

EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF TOXICITIES IN RABBITS SPINAL NEURONS OF 4 DRUGS

摘要:

目的：对硬膜外术后镇痛用药是否对脊髓有神经毒性进行研究,以指导临床用药.方法：健康家兔50只,硬膜外穿刺成功后,随机分为5组,每组10只,生理盐水（0.5 ml/kg）对照组（S组）,格拉司琼（0.015 mg/kg）组（G组）,恩丹西酮（0.08 mg/kg）组（O组）,高乌甲素（0.12 mg/kg）组（L组）,来比林（18 mg/kg）组（A组）.5组均给药2次/d,间隔12小时,连续给药3天,继续观察至第7天处死兔作光镜和电镜检查.结果：电镜下各组均未见坏死性改变.光镜下L组和A组兔的脊髓病变较严重,脊髓灰质和白质分界不清,结构破坏,神经细胞减少.结论：常用浓度的格拉司琼、恩丹西酮注入硬膜外隙安全、可靠.高乌甲素、来比林注入兔硬膜外隙可见动物的脊髓有破坏性病变,建议临床慎用.

Abstract:

Objective: To determine the pathologic effects of 4 kinds of widespreadly used drugs (granisetron, ondansetron, lappaconite, aspirin-dl-lysine) on spine cord. Methods: After successive 3-day epidural administration of the drugs and then a 3-day observation, the rabbits were killed and the spinal cord was examined under optical and electron microscope. Results: Serious damages of neuron were found in animals from group lappaconite and gronp aspirin-dl-lysine under optical microscope. Some reversible changes were found in all groups under electronmicroscope. Conclusion: Epidural administration of clinical dosage of granisetron, ondansetron is safe, while the long-term neurotoxicity of lappaconite and aspirin-dl-lysine may occur.